A piezoelectric instrument vibrating in the ultrasonic frequency range was investigated for its potential use in periodontal resective therapy. The rate of postoperative wound healing (baseline and 14, 28, and 56 days after surgery) in a dog model following surgical ostectomy and osteoplasty was the marker used to compare the efficacy of this instrument (PS) with a commonly used carbide bur (CB) or a diamond bur (DB). The surgical sites treated by CB or DB lost bone, in comparison to baseline measurements, by the 14th day, while the surgical sites treated by PS revealed a gain in the bone level. By day 28, the surgical sites treated by all three instruments demonstrated an increased bone level and regeneration of cementum and periodontal ligament. However, by day 56, the surgical sites treated by CB or DB evidenced a loss of bone, versus a bone gain in the PS-treated sites. Thus, it appears that PS provided more favorable osseous repair and remodeling than CB or DB when surgical ostectomy and osteoplasty procedures were performed. Therefore, PS could be regarded as being efficacious for use in osseous surgery.